Critical Care Research Inc.'s (CCR's) Dogs

Here are some numbers on CCR's dog experiments:

Year:............A:............B:

2007...........33............10
2006...........43............19
2005...........47..............6
2004...........46..............5
2003...........34............26
2002...........28............21
2001...........35..............6

TOTAL:.......................93

A = "Number of animals being bred, conditioned, or held for use in teaching, testing, experiments, research, or surgery, but not yet used for such purposes." (Column A not totalled as same dogs were probably included in multiple years.)

B = "Number of animals upon which experiments, teaching, research, surgery, or tests were conducted involving pain or distress to the animals and for which appropriate anesthetic, analgesic, or tranquilizing drugs were used."

Numbers and definitions from: http://www.aphis.usda.gov/animal_welfare/efoia/7023_AL-CT.shtml

93 dogs subjected to "pain and distress," over the course of seven years, for what?
What are CCR's accomplishments? Have they contributed anything to medical science, or the science of cryonics? Have the dog experiments in cryonics really accomplished anything that even begins to compare with what was accomplished, decades ago, in conventional medicine? Or, has their greatest accomplishment been to impress the wallets, and potential clients, in cryonics? (More "feel good" psychology?)

How many dogs were subjected to cryonics experiments, before 2001?

Where are CCR's, Alcors' and Michael "Mike Darwin" Federowicz' studies published? Mike claims to have 1,000 under his belt, where are they?

I've heard and read, many times, about the dogs subjected to an extended period of ischemia, (?17 minutes?), but where is the proof of this?
Was this study ever published? What are the details of this experiment? I was given a mass of information to study, when I was at SA. As I recall, there was a study on dogs included, but I can't remember the details. I DO remember someone mentioning that one of the dog experiments had two variables. As I recall, it had something to do with one dog (or group of dogs) undergoing cardiac arrest at normal temperatures but being provided with flow (via a perfusion circuit), with the other group being cooled and having no flow. Again, my memory fails me, but I'm certain about being told there were two variables. Even my eighth-grader knows an experiment should only have one variable. I'm looking for this document, (and any other documents related to animal experiments in cryonics), if anyone has them, please forward them to me.

***I think a lot of people in cryonics have been overly impressed by reports of dogs being cooled and recovering. This is reflected on CI's "FAQ" page 2-13, where Tim Freeman answers a question regarding hypothermic dog experiments. He writes about Dixie being cooled to 4C, and being perfused with a "synthetic solution." My guess, based on my experience in human circulatory arrest cases, is that Dixie might have fared much the same, without the synthetic solution. Mr. Freeman states that Dixie "made a total recovery," but that's not what I've heard. Maybe, after all those grand mal seizures and horrific suffering, she was eventually able to walk and eat again, but it's difficult to measure neurological damage in a dog. Many human patients have been cooled and arrested for periods exceeding one hour, and have recovered with personality and memory intact. (Note: "Dixie" was an Alcor experiment, but the major players involved in the dog experiments overlap with the other cryonics organizations.)

Where do CCR's dogs come from?
I'm informed CCR breeds dogs for their experiments, and on at least one occasion had to euthanize dogs because they had too many. I believe it is legal to breed animals for research, but I find this practice to be offensive. If you ask me, there's something rather sick about raising puppies, playing with them, naming them (as CCR does), and then subjecting them to pain and suffering, and/or death, (or, worse yet, allowing them to live after they have suffered extreme neurological insult). Why not use dogs that are already scheduled to be euthanized? If these experiments are necessary, (and I have my doubts), why not put the dog out of its misery at the end of the experiment?

How are they kept? (In small kennels? Do they have a place to run and play?)
I have, from a reliable source, that CCR has large clean climate controlled indoor facilities and an outdoor dog run for exercise.

How long are they kept?

Are any of the dogs operated on more than once? (I believe that would be illegal.)
I'm told, from an outside source, the dogs are not subjected to multiple experiments.

What happens to the dogs after the experiments? (Are neurologically damaged dogs being kept as "trophies"?)

Is it humane to subject a dog to experiments that result in neurological deficits and then keep that dog alive? (Question based Federowicz' "Bring Dixie Back" diary entry and Kunzman's remarks on the dogs at CCR.)

Were any of the ten dogs reported in 2007 used to teach perfusion to SA's staff members? (We know the staff members were at CCR for perfusion training. Again, it was insane for anyone to think the staff members of SA could go for a weekend training session, followed by videotaped refresher courses, and could competently perform perfusion. My guess is, CCR/Harris made a lot of money for providing the training session, Platt made a lot of money for the videotaping, and the SA team members got a free trip to California. Just guessing.)

Given that CCR only performed 93 experiments over the course of seven years, I'm still wondering where Michael "Mike Darwin" Federowicz did the approximately "1,000" dog perfusion he claims to have performed. He would have had to do an average of one dog per week, for more than 19 years, to get to 1,000. I think this is extremely unlikely. If he did, I'm sure the animal welfare people would love to see documentation of those experiments.

In searching for CCR's numbers, I stumbled across a 2007 report for 21CM that shows they experimented on 351 rabbits. What were the results of those experiments?
I'm often curious about 21CM, due to the lack of information and the connections between 21CM, CCR and SA. I'm told Kent/LEF provides less than half of 21CM's funding and that they receive substantial government grants for their research, (for conventional medicine purposes, not cryonics, I assume). I'm also told Fahy of 21CM publishes most, if not all, of his work.